authors

• Almalki, Haifa Hussein
• Fabrice Mowbray
• Buchholz, Susan
• Alnaimi, Ibtihal
• Schlegel, Emma C
• Miller, Janis
• Sender, Jessica

publication date

• September 18, 2025

published in

• BMJ open  Journal

has subject area

• Delivery, Obstetric
• Female
• Humans
• Meta-Analysis as Topic
• Obstetric Labor Complications
• Perineum
• Pregnancy
• Prognosis
• Racial Groups
• Research Design
• Risk Factors
• Systematic Reviews as Topic

Keywords

• Meta-Analysis
• Natural Childbirth
• Postpartum Women
• Trauma

Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

• https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2025-105272

PubMed ID

• 40973367

start page

end page

volume

• 15

issue

• 9